Ukuhlaziywa Kwezindlela Zobuchwepheshe Nezicelo Zezimoto Eziziqondisayo
I-automated guided vehicle (AGV) iyidivayisi ezenzakalelayo ekwazi ukuqedela imisebenzi yokuphatha ngaphandle komsebenzisi ongumuntu, isebenzisa{0}}imizila esethiwe ngaphambilini noma ukuzulazula okuzenzakalelayo. Ubuchwepheshe bayo obuyisisekelo buhlanganisa ukuzulazula nokubeka indawo, ukuhlela indlela, ukubona indawo ezungezile, nokulawula ukunyakaza, futhi busetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni, ekugcinweni kwempahla, kwezokuthutha, nasekunakekelweni kwezempilo.
Mayelana nokuzulazula nokuma, ama-AGV ancike kakhulu ekuqondisweni kazibuthe, ukuzulazula kwe-laser, ukuzulazula okubonakalayo, nokuzulazula kwe-inertial. Isiqondiso se-electromagnetic sisebenzisa izintambo ezigqitshiwe ukuze kukhiqizwe inkambu kazibuthe, i-AGV eyakhiwe{1}}ngezinzwa eziyitholayo ukuze ilandelele indlela. Ukuzulazula nge-laser kusebenzisa i-lidar ukuskena amaphaneli akhanyayo endaweni ezungezile futhi kuphindwe kathathu indawo yawo. Ukuzulazula okubukwayo kusebenzisa idatha yekhamera-ekhiqiziwe yesithombe futhi isihlanganise nobuchwepheshe be-SLAM (Ukwenziwa Kwasendaweni Ngasikhathi sinye kanye Nemephu) ukuze kuzuzwe ukuzulazula okuzenzakalelayo ezindaweni eziguqukayo. Ukuzulazula kwangaphakathi kusebenzisa ama-gyroscopes nama-accelerometers ukuze kubalwe ukufuduka, kodwa kudinga ukuhlanganiswa nobunye ubuchwepheshe ukuze kube nokunemba okuthuthukisiwe.
Ukuhlelwa kwendlela kuyisihluthulelo ekusebenzeni kahle kwama-AGV futhi kuhlukaniswe ngokuhlelwa kwendlela yomhlaba wonke kanye nokugwema izithiyo zendawo. Ukuhlela umhlaba wonke ngokuvamile kunquma kusengaphambili indlela elungile ngokusekelwe kudatha yemephu, kuyilapho ukuhlela kwasendaweni kuncike{1}}kudatha yenzwa yesikhathi sangempela ukulungisa imizila ukuze kugwenywe izithiyo. Ama-algorithm ajwayelekile afaka i-algorithm ye-A*, i-algorithm ye-Dijkstra, kanye nendlela yenkambu engaba namandla okwenziwa.
Ubuchwepheshe bokubona imvelo buvumela ama-AGV ukuthi abone izinto ezizungezile, njengabahamba ngezinyawo, amashalofu, noma ezinye izinto zokusebenza zamaselula, nge-lidar, izinzwa ze-ultrasonic, noma amakhamera, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile. Ukulawula ukunyakaza kuhilela ukulawulwa kwesivinini kwe-AGV, ukulawula isiteringi, -nokuhlelwa kwezimoto eziningi, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa isilawuli se-PID noma ama-algorithms e-advanced model predictive control (MPC) ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle.
Ngokuzayo, ngokuhlanganiswa kobuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nobuchwepheshe be-5G, izimoto eziqondiswayo ezizenzakalelayo zizothuthukela ekuzilawuleni okukhulu nokuzivumelanisa nezimo, zithuthukise izinga lobuhlakani ekuphatheni nasekukhiqizeni.
